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Up until the Norman conquest of England, the Varangian guards consisted chiefly of Scandinavian and Kievan Rus' warriors. Emigration to Byzantium, Anglo-Saxon England 3 (1974) 179-196 (esp. It led to the founding of a ‘New England’ settlement of Anglo-Saxon exiles in the Crimea. His final chapter contains an account of the Anglo-Saxon emigration to Byzantium after the Norman Conquest. as the Anglo-Saxon emigration to Byzantium (Constantinople). Following the Conquest of 1066, the Anglo-Saxon English initially fought a resistance campaign against the new king William and his Norman invaders, but this proved unsuccessful. 21 This is a little-known but fascinating episode in British history known as the Anglo-Saxon emigration to Byzantium (Constantinople). Byzantine historians record the new arrivals as axe-bearing warriors, which fits with them being the House Carls or personal guards of Anglo-Saxon nobles. 181-189). No historian doubts that this event took place. ‘The formal date for the introduction of the Varangian Guard to the Byzantine military establishment is widely considered to be the year 988 . Today I continue the snippets of history ‘series’,with the presence of Anglo-Saxons in Byzantium. It led to the founding of a ‘New England’ settlement of Anglo-Saxon exiles in the Crimea. This is related to the Varangian Guard, and the ‘Swedes going South’, a previous post. F ELL , A Note on Pálsbók , Medieval Scandinavia 6 (1973) 102-108. Englishmen fled overseas to Byzantium where they were received by the Em peror Alexius.2 Later, he implies that soon after Harold's death, and the acces sion of William, Englishmen found a friend in Alexius at Byzantium.3 This is a chronological absurdity, for Alexius Comnenus did not come to the throne Abstract. There is fairly full documentation from Byzantium itself and the accounts of the Anglo-Norman chronicler Orderic and the hagiographer Goscelin are not unknown. By Rachel Anderson. The reign of Charles the Great or Charlemagne is often referred to as a renaissance, a time when Western Europe sought recovery from the barbarian ravages that helped to transform Rome from an empire to a series of self-sufficient territories. No historian doubts that this event took place. Fell, 'The Icelandic saga of Edward the Confessor: its version of the Anglo-Saxon emigration to Byzantium', Anglo-Saxon England, 3 (1974), 179–96 at p. 193; A. Shchavelev, 'A seal of Byzantine "Translator of the English" Patrikios Sphen: its date and socio-cultural context', in H. Ivakin et al (eds. The crisis in Anglo-Saxon state and society brought on by the Norman Conquest created an Anglo-Saxon emigration, part of which found refuge and employment in Byzantium. See also Ch. 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