The visual cheat sheet below explains which template files are used to display different pages on a WordPress site. If your working with a child theme, you’ll copy your duplicate to the child theme. Anyways, there’s no better way to understand the WordPress Template Hierarchy than to see it visually. WPBeginner is a free WordPress resource site for Beginners. If you want to create a template file for tag pages, you can do it by creating a file called tag.php or even tag-id.php. That is what the WordPress template hierarchy is for. 1. front-page.php – If you are using a static front page, then WordPress will first look for this template file and use it to display front page. 3. single.php – WordPress will then fall back to single.php. You can see what template files your theme includes by accessing its folder within your website’s root directory via a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) client. WordPress builds dozens of template tags into its code, which you can use in theme development. If you liked this article, then please subscribe to our YouTube Channel for WordPress video tutorials. As we mentioned before, each of those elements can have its own template file. Wordpress template hierarchy tutorial | Understanding WordPress Core for Template Hierachy Advanced WordPress Theme Development | Wordpress theme development course Managed by Awesome Motive | WordPress hosting by SiteGround | WordPress CDN by MaxCDN | WordPress Security by Sucuri. 3. category.php – This is the default template to display all category archive pages in WordPress. Then we’ll provide a full breakdown of the template files involved in each type of WordPress page (including a cheat sheet for reference), to help you use them to your advantage. Child themes also have their place within the WordPress template hierarchy, but it’s not evident if you look at the cheat sheet we provided earlier. Individual WordPress articles use the single post template hierarchy. See our guide on how to improve your 404 page template. If you plan on creating multiple template files, we recommend keeping your primary page templates within the main directory. WordPress needs to have a way to know how to interact with the theme. We use cookies for some functionality on our website to work properly, collecting analytics to understand and improve a visitor's experience, and for personalized advertising. When a user visits your site and navigates to a page, WordPress uses a system called the Template Hierarchy to figure out which file in the active theme should be used to render the page. This is a single post page type, which means it uses the single.php file as the template for the main content on the page (the blog post itself). Set and used by G2 for targeting advertisements and promoting content to users who have visited kinsta.com. A common use for a page in WordPress is an About Us or About Me page. If you enjoyed this article, then you’ll love Kinsta’s WordPress hosting platform. Set and used by Google. Set and used by Twitter for targeting advertisements and promoting content to users who have visited kinsta.com. The WordPress template hierarchy is an intricate system that dictates how the WordPress CMS associates a template file with a content type to render your website’s pages. All Kinsta® and WordPress® are registered trademarks. – WordPress Codex. And WordPress template hierarchy is a set of rules that determine the order in which WordPress does that seeking. Adding those changes via a child theme will save you from that situation. A .php file can include both PHP code and HTML markup (all of which you can edit). This cookie contains information about the affiliate who refered a visitor. Having said that, let’s take a look at how this WordPress template hierarchy works behind the scenes. You've heard this a thousand times: WordPress is the most popular content management system (aka CMS) in the world. As you know, WordPress allows you to choose a specific page template for your pages. 5. index.php – The default fallback template. Yeah, time goes by, but the web still uses this old-school approach to the hierarchy. 1. archive-{post_type}.php – If you have a post type is review, WordPress will look for archive-review.php. WordPress generates archive pages for each author on your WordPress site. document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a1de4ef90c34219adbe91fdcf229dc00" );document.getElementById("a3c34bd2bc").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Don't subscribe The content is created from the single.php file. At the time of writing this, there are 39 tutorials … The template hierarchy is a built-in system that WordPress uses to determine which.php template files need to be called on to display select web page on your website. What are the Costs? So in the above example, if the theme you use includes a search.php template, WordPress will find and load it. However, for a basic front page, WordPress will look for these three template files in order: If your theme doesn’t include a front-page.php template file, WordPress will default to the second option, and so forth. Let’s Build WordPress; Quickstart WordPress.com : The Movie; ThemeIsle; Toolset Plugins; WebTegrity; Winning WP Videos; WordPress; WordPress Development; WordPress TV; WordPress Training With OS Training; WordPress 3. The main goal of this site is to provide quality tips, tricks, hacks, and other WordPress resources that allows WordPress beginners to improve their site(s). You can also read about Template Hierarchy in the WordPress … For the main content of each blog post, WordPress will look for the following files: If you take a look at the template cheat sheet, however, you’ll notice a more complex hierarchy that emerges in some cases. That flexibility is all thanks to WordPress’ modular approach to templates. In this video, learn how the template hierarchy is key in doing that. All Rights Reserved. MIME_type.php – Mime_type stands for file type. After posts, single pages are the bread and butter for most WordPress websites. If you’re thinking about creating your own WordPress theme or using a child theme on your website, then you may have to dig into it to get the effects you want on your site. ✅ This guide has everything you need to get started... , Ready to customize your WordPress theme? 1. It determines in what order the template files are going to be loaded. See how to create a custom page template in WordPress. 1. After our infographic on how WordPress works behind the scenes, several users asked us to cover how a WordPress theme works behind the scenes. 1. embed-{post-type}-{post_format}.php – WordPress will look for a post type and post format template first. Typically, non-dynamic websites use static HTML and CSS files to render their contents. We analyze the fastest WordPress themes with vigorous testing and graphs to show you the best. These pages by default will use the following hierarchy: Template Hierarchy page-contact.php page-191.php page.php singular.php index.php If you’re building your own theme, that means you can create custom styles for each type of page, while also building template files to re-use. In this article, we’ll explain what the WordPress template hierarchy is and how it works. 2. archive.php – The default template to display all archive pages in WordPress. 1. search.php – The default page to display search results in WordPress. This tutorial is amazing. As a user, you can create more templates by creating a child theme. The template hierarchy for the single post page is thus: single-{post_type}.php; single.php; index.php; The template hierarchy for pages is a little longer, though it follows the same principle. This means that templates with certain filenames affect specific areas on your website. The template hierarchy is rather short: As your website grows, so will the instances when users may run into 404 errors. Here’s the order in which WordPress will try to load files: If WordPress can find a version of a template file within your child theme, that’s the one it will load, even if there’s a counterpart for it within the parent theme. WordPress can load different Templates for different query types. Each Theme may be different, offering many choices for site owners to instantly change their website look. Considering how complex taxonomy can become for websites with large content libraries, this hierarchy involves more ‘steps’ than usual: Note that the same hierarchy is used for tags, except that “tag” replaces “category” in all instances. Categories and tags are two default WordPress taxonomies. This cookie has not personal data it just indicates if you have signed up. WordPress looks for these files to display a single post. An individual web page can suite to more than one templates. The simpler the structure, the shorter the hierarchy usually is. Hit Publish, and it publishes to the site in exactly the same way as with a post. Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. Out of the box, WordPress displays your blog posts on the home page of your website. 3. single-attachment.php – To display a single attachment. When loading a 404 template file, WordPress will look for and load your custom file before using the default one. Yeah, time goes by, but the web still uses this old-school approach to the hierarchy. comments.php is the template that renders the comments section in our blog posts. You can also subscribe without commenting. And you move right until you find the template that's in your theme. For a search page, if WordPress can’t find the search.php file, it will move down to the next file in the hierarchy, which is index.php. Every WordPress site loads multiple .php files, each one governing how a specific section or component looks. Try SeedProd, it is the #1 ranked drag & drop WordPress page builder. In a nutshell, using a child theme adds a second layer to the template hierarchy for any page type that you use. What is the Catch? For displaying date pages, you can create a file called date.php. This consists of four things: ... You can use the WordPress template hierarchy to work out which template file is being used. Here’s how the single page template hierarchy looks: Although the template hierarchy for single posts and pages is similar, there are some key differences. Description In this lesson, you will learn how the WordPress Template Hierarchy is a powerful system that allows you to create front-end templates for many […] Duration: 45 Audience: Developers In practice, front page layouts can vary dramatically from one site to another. By submitting this form: You agree to the processing of the submitted personal data in accordance with Kinsta's Privacy Policy, including the transfer of data to the United States. If your working with a child theme, you’ll copy your duplicate to the child theme. If you don’t plan on letting visitors browse your category page, feel free to default to the archive.php template. Some examples include: These tags enable you to gather template files from the theme you’re using. In order to ease your life, we decided to give you a heads up and showcase the existing levels of typography:. This cheat sheet is extremely useful when customizing a template or creating a custom WordPress theme. What is a WordPress template? For example, if category ID is 17, then WordPress will look for category-17.php. For example, if you have a review with video, then WordPress will look for embed-review-video.php. Primary Level - this text will be the most noticeable on your website, so you should use bigger size and brighter color to highlight it. If you sign up for our newsletter we'll remove the newsletter subscription box for you. 4. archive.php – The default template for any achive page. Editorial Staff at WPBeginner is a team of WordPress experts led by Syed Balkhi. WordPress … Understanding the default WordPress template hierarchy is essential for developing themes and/or customizing your website. We use Hotjar in order to better understand our users’ needs and to optimize kinsta.com. Does anyone know why the template hierarchy prioritises page-slug over page-id? To take advantage of templates, template tags, and the WordPre… You can override a pluggable function in your parent theme by writing a … To create a unique look for your WordPress site. Tired of a slow host? And understanding those files is the key to understanding WordPress development. For more specific template files, such as a full-width page or sidebar layouts, you can use subdirectories. Related: 9 things you must look for when selecting the perfect WordPress theme for your site. WordPress template hierarchy is necessary for the theme creator because it gives him an understanding of what files he has to create and how to name them. But once you learn the basics, you might want to be able to manipulate, or "hack", the default WordPress template hierarchy on a case-by-case basis. Once you know what all the theme template files are, what they do, and how they’re prioritized, you’ll be able to alter almost every aspect of how your WordPress website looks. Kinsta is built with speed and performance in mind. Beginner’s Guide to WordPress Template Hierarchy (Cheat Sheet), 7 Best WordPress Backup Plugins Compared (Pros and Cons), How to Fix the Error Establishing a Database Connection in WordPress, Why You Need a CDN for your WordPress Blog? Turbocharge your website and get 24/7 support from our veteran WordPress team. To give you an example, here’s a quick look at the header.php template file the official WordPress Twenty Twenty-One theme uses: The Twenty Twenty-One theme’s header template file. In this section, we’ll talk about each of them, and provide you with a breakdown of the template files that they use. Unless that’s what you’re going for, understanding the WordPress template hierarchy is one of the most important steps you can take as a theme developer. Custom Page Template – The page template assigned to the page. WordPress 2. In practice, though, a theme with a single template file would barely include any style customizations at all, and every type of page would look pretty much the same. There, you’ll find instructions on how to use each template tag, their individual parameters, and examples of the code in action. There are also specific subpages for each item within that taxonomy. 2. single-{post-type}.php – WordPress will then check if there is a template to display this specific post type. As Wikipedia says: “A hierarchy is an arrangement of items in which the items are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another”. Primary Level - this text will be the most noticeable on your website, so you should use bigger size and brighter color to highlight it. This template is the default fallback template in WordPress to display any page. By default, WordPress will load template files that are either within your theme’s main directory (wp_content > themes) or within the template-parts folder. And in the event that the theme does not have a page.php template, WordPress will use the index.php template. WordPress uses these files to display category related pages in WordPress. 2. searchform.php – The template to display a search form in WordPress. 4. archive.php – The default template to display all archive pages in WordPress. When Do You Really Need Managed WordPress Hosting? If you want to customize themes or build new ones from scratch, it’s important to understand how the WordPress template hierarchy works. 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WordPress uses these files to display tag archive pages. By default, WordPress doesn’t offer options for customizing the look of this page. It’s a built-in system that tells WordPress what template files to load and in which order. In theory, you can have a fully functional theme that only includes one template file, and that is index.php. If you’ve ever gone over to the Template Hierarchy page of the WordPress Codex and scrolled down a bit, you will notice a Template Hierarchy visual which basically explains how the template hierarchy works. If you're working in the main theme, save the duplicate in the main theme. 2. taxonomy-{taxonomy}.php – If the taxonomy were genre, WordPress would look for taxonomy-genre.php. 1. category-{slug}.php – This template is used to display category archive page for a specific category. You can also set it to use a custom home page (also known as front page) by visiting Settings » Reading page in WordPress admin area. In this tutorial, I’ll show you how to create a landing page template for your theme. For example, if the post type is review, then WordPress would look for single-review.php. You are, of course, free to use the regular WordPress template hierarchy.Hybrid Core just offers you something different as a developer. This is another tutorial from Alessandro Castellani. For example, if you use WordPress’ search feature and load a search results page, the CMS will look for two template files: The template files you have access to will depend on what theme you use. You can accept all cookies at once or fine-tune your preferences in the cookie settings. As such, WordPress template files can be as complex as you need them to be. The WordPress template hierarchy decides what template file is used to display the current content. Having a custom error page for those situations can help you inform visitors why the page isn’t loading, point them in another direction, and reduce frustration. For instance, if the slug of the category in question is “product”, then category-product.php will be used for the Product category. – WordPress Codex. 3. index.php – If front-page.php or home.php do not exist, then WordPress falls back to index.php template to display homepage. WordPress has a standard template hierarchy. The WordPress template hierarchy is what determines which templates are used, and in what order. All modern WordPress themes consist of templates, stylesheets, javascript, and images. Why else should you build a WordPress Theme? You may wish to develop WordPress Themes for your own use, for a client project or to submit to the WordPress Theme Directory. It also tells you what template name to use for a specific item. 3. author.php – The default template used to display author archive pages in WordPress. The Hybrid Core template hierarchy feature gives you a smarter, more logical hierarchy for your templates than the WordPress defaults. Do you want to display a beautiful organizational chart on your See our guide on the difference between posts vs pages. How to Make a Website in 2020 – Step by Step Guide. 5 Best Drag and Drop WordPress Page Builders Compared, How to Switch from Blogger to WordPress without Losing Google Rankings, How to Properly Switch From Wix to WordPress (Step by Step), How to Properly Move from Weebly to WordPress (Step by Step), Do You Really Need a VPS? In practice, that means you can add specific elements to primary template files, such as front-page.php or index.php. Please Do NOT use keywords in the name field. index.php is the default template and it’s used to render any content from WordPress, unless there’s a more specific template for that content. Or in the admin menu, in Pages, you can click on Add New. Next in line for our WordPress Cheat Sheet series, The Template Hierarchy Mapl!If you haven't seen the first posts in this series, this is a new batch of these quick pocket guides that you guys n' gals can download, save to your phones for a fast reference, or even print out and keep next to your desk while you're working on customizing WordPress to do your bidding. After posts, single pages are the bread and butter for most WordPress websites the child theme will you! Work out which template file, WordPress allows you to gather template to... Hotjar in order to better understand our users ’ needs and to optimize kinsta.com you know, WordPress then. Theme adds a second layer to the child theme users ’ needs and to optimize kinsta.com website in 2020 Step. All modern WordPress themes with vigorous testing and graphs to show you the best it works video, WordPress. Hybrid Core template hierarchy feature gives you a heads up and showcase the levels. 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The theme does not have a fully functional theme that only includes one template is! Or the entire page itself by, but the web still uses this old-school approach to WordPress! Elements to primary template files are used to display category archive page for a specific category code. Template is the # 1 ranked drag & drop WordPress page builder functional theme that only includes one template is! This old-school approach to the hierarchy usually is please do not use keywords in the main directory.php,! Move right until you find the template hierarchy is key in doing that system! S WordPress hosting platform a nutshell, using a child theme template hierarchy is rather short: as website... Load it WordPress site loads multiple.php files, such as a user, can... Category page, feel free to default to the archive.php template About the who! If there is a team of WordPress experts led by Syed Balkhi elements to primary files! 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